Prefixes and Suffixes , Ekler ve Ön Ekler
Ekler ve Ön Ekler
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Prefixes and Suffixes
( Ekler ve Ön Ekler )
A prefix is a group of letters which is added to the beginning of a word, e.g. possible – impossible, cover – uncover.
A suffix is a letter or a group of letters which is added to the end of a word, e.g. agree – agreement, run – runs.
Prefixes and suffixes which change the meaning, e.g. do – undo, polite – impolite; teaceh – teacher, act –action are called derivational prefixes or derivational suffixes respectively.
Suffixes which change the form of a word to show its gramatical function, e.g. help-helps, mend-mended, cat-cats are called inflection suffixes. An inflectional suffix always follows a derivational suffix, e.g. players.
Suffixes forming nouns from verbs
suffix
-age
-al
-ance
-ant
-ar
-ary
-ation
-cation
-ee
-ence
-ent/ant
-ery
-ing
-ion
-ist
-ition
-ment
-or
verb
carry
refuse
asist
assit
beg
bound
admire
identify
employ
depend
depend
bribe
drink
act
harp
compete
move
collect
derived noun
carriage
refusal
assistance
assistant
beggar
boundary
admiration
identification
employee
dependence
dependent
bribery
drinking
action
harpist
competition
movement
collector
Exercise 1. Make nouns from verbs, using suitable suffixes in the box.
-er/-cation/-ing/-ist/-ar/-
/-ant/-tion/-ent,ant/ment/-
1 marry
2 contest
3 rob
4 type
5 develop
6 multiply
7 preside
8 discover
9 join
10 furnish
11 employ
12 run
13 reduce
14 entreat
15 differ
16 enter
17 function
18 tour
19 correct
20 attract
21 lie
22 pack
23 mother
24 insure
25 improve
26 please
27 prefer
28 swim
29 reproduce
30 qualify
31 reside
32 pay
33 examine
34 sail
35 organise
36 collect
37 compose
38 motivate
Suffixes forming adjectives from nouns
suffix
-al/ual
-an/-ian
-ant/ent
-ary
-ar
-ate/ative
-ic
-less
-like
-ly
-ous/-ious
-y
noun
bride
Europe
distance
prime
consul
fortune
artist
air
lady
brother
courage
sand
derived adjective
bridal
European
distant
primary
consular
fortunate
artistic
airless
ladylike
brotherly
courageous
sandy
Exercise 2 . Make adjectives from the nouns, using the suffixes in the box.
-ese/-al(-ual)/-ical/-ic/-
/-y/-ary/ful/-an(ian)/-en/-
1 China
2 harm
3 Turk
4 parliament
5 talk
6 sympathy
7 Iraq
8 care
9 Iran
10 father
11 sugar
12 molecule
13 danger
14 distance
15 condition
16 democrat
17 skill
18 culture
19 Paris
20 mother
21 pity
22 spirit
23 man
24 salt
25 wood
26 space
27 wool
28 leg
29 sun
30 eye
Suffix
–ity
-ness
-th
adjective
active
huge
seven
derived noun
activity
hugeness
seventh
Exercise 3 . Make nouns from the adjectives, using the suffixes in the box.
-ness/-ce/-ity/-th
1 long
2 good
3 hard
4 normal
5 acid
6 creative
7 white
8 legal
Suffixes forming adjectives from verbs
-able (-ible)
count
countable
-ive
adopt
adoptive
compare
comparative
-ant (-ent)
depend
dependent
-ing
charm
charming
Exercise 4. Make adjectives from the verbs, using the suffixes in the box.
1 convert
2 please
3 please
4 eat
5 connect
6 drink
7 protect
8 smile
9 sense
10 coordinate