Prefixes and Suffixes , Ekler ve Ön Ekler

Ekler ve Ön Ekler

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Prefixes and Suffixes
( Ekler ve Ön Ekler )

A prefix is a group of letters which is added to the beginning of a word, e.g. possible – impossible, cover – uncover.

A suffix is a letter or a group of letters which is added to the end of a word, e.g. agree – agreement, run – runs.

Prefixes and suffixes which change the meaning, e.g. do – undo, polite – impolite; teaceh – teacher, act –action are called derivational prefixes or derivational suffixes respectively.

Suffixes which change the form of a word to show its gramatical function, e.g. help-helps, mend-mended, cat-cats are called inflection suffixes. An inflectional suffix always follows a derivational suffix, e.g. players.

Suffixes forming nouns from verbs

suffix
-age
-al
-ance
-ant
-ar
-ary
-ation
-cation
-ee
-ence
-ent/ant
-ery
-ing
-ion
-ist
-ition
-ment
-or

verb
carry
refuse
asist
assit
beg
bound
admire
identify
employ
depend
depend
bribe
drink
act
harp
compete
move
collect

derived noun
carriage
refusal
assistance
assistant
beggar
boundary
admiration
identification
employee
dependence
dependent
bribery
drinking
action
harpist
competition
movement
collector

 

 

Exercise 1.  Make nouns from verbs, using suitable suffixes in the box.

-er/-cation/-ing/-ist/-ar/-ary/-ion/-or/-ee/-ance/-ery/-y/-t/-age/-(t)ure
/-ant/-tion/-ent,ant/ment/-ence/-ition

1   marry
2   contest
3   rob
4   type
5   develop
6   multiply
7   preside
8   discover
9   join
10  furnish
11  employ
12  run
13  reduce
14  entreat
15  differ
16  enter
17  function
18  tour
19  correct
20  attract
21  lie
22  pack
23  mother
24  insure
25  improve
26  please
27  prefer
28  swim
29  reproduce
30  qualify
31  reside
32  pay
33  examine
34  sail
35  organise
36  collect
37  compose
38  motivate

Suffixes forming adjectives from nouns

suffix
-al/ual
-an/-ian
-ant/ent
-ary
-ar
-ate/ative
-ic
-less
-like
-ly
-ous/-ious
-y

noun
bride
Europe
distance
prime
consul
fortune
artist
air
lady
brother
courage
sand

derived adjective
bridal
European
distant
primary
consular
fortunate
artistic
airless
ladylike
brotherly
courageous
sandy

 

 

Exercise 2 .  Make adjectives from the nouns, using the suffixes in the box.

-ese/-al(-ual)/-ical/-ic/-like/-ish/ous/(-ious/-ar/-i/-less/-ly/-ate/-ative
/-y/-ary/ful/-an(ian)/-en/-able/-ed/-ant(-ent)

1   China
2   harm
3   Turk
4   parliament
5   talk
6   sympathy
7   Iraq
8   care
9   Iran
10  father
11  sugar
12  molecule
13  danger
14  distance
15  condition
16  democrat
17  skill
18  culture
19  Paris
20  mother
21  pity
22  spirit
23  man
24  salt
25  wood
26  space
27  wool
28  leg
29  sun
30  eye
Suffix
–ity
-ness
-th

adjective
active
huge
seven

derived noun
activity
hugeness
seventh

 

 

Exercise 3 . Make nouns from the adjectives, using the suffixes in the box.

-ness/-ce/-ity/-th

 

1  long
2  good
3  hard
4  normal
5  acid
6  creative
7  white
8  legal

Suffixes forming adjectives from verbs

 

-able (-ible)
count
countable
-ive
adopt
adoptive

compare
comparative 
-ant (-ent)
depend
dependent
-ing
charm
charming

Exercise 4.  Make adjectives from the verbs, using the suffixes in the box.

1  convert
2  please
3  please
4  eat
5  connect
6  drink
7  protect
8  smile
9  sense
10 coordinate